3D printing
3D printing is a process of creating three-dimensional, physical objects, which are based on a computer model prepared for printing in the so-called slicer, which is a program that converts a CAD file into the “language” of the printer. The possibilities of using spatial printers depend primarily on the chosen printing technology, materials, as well as the working volume of the device. The precision of an object is affected by the accuracy of positioning of control elements as well as the material itself of which the object is made.
MJF – Multi Jet Fusion
MJF (multi jet fusion) is a breakthrough technology of 3D printing, patented by HP, which consists in fusing plastic powders using a moving, precise thermal head and print heads that apply two types of agents supporting the printing process. The use of polyamide 12 (nylon) as a model material allows to achieve excellent mechanical properties that meet the design requirements of many industries (aircraft, automotive, machinery). The MFJ 3D printing process is so efficient that it is possible to produce “ready-made” parts, also in short production series.
Application of MJF technology
- conceptual models and functional prototypes
- short production series – final products
- spare parts and machine parts
- electronic housings
- workshop aids
- pre-operational models and phantoms
- architectural models, art installations
Parts printed with Multi Jet Fusion (MJF for short) technology are distinguished by very high resolution. MJF is a highly competitive solution (compared to other technologies) and sometimes even outperforms fused material modeling (FDM).
3D printing – modern technology that meets the expectations of even the most demanding customers
3D printing with MJF technology is designed for those who require durability, as well as moderate temperature resistance. In practice, MJF can also be used to print fully functional prostheses, create parts for drones, or wiring guides. Taking into account current standards, we can unequivocally say that HP’s patented technology makes it possible to definitely reduce the costs that 3D printing entails. It is also a very versatile solution for use in many fields.
FDM – modelling with molten material
Materials used in the FDM method
- ABS
- PLA
- PC
- PC-ABS
- PPSU
- PEI
- PA12
MATCH TESTING
LOW COMPLEXITY MODELS
DURABLE FUNCTIONAL MECHANISMS
TOOL AND INSTRUMENTATION MANUFACTURING
MUSEOLOGY AND ART
MEDICINE
FOOD INDUSTRY
3D printing – how does FDM modeling with molten material work?
3D printing using FMD (Fused Deposition Modeling) technology is a very popular form of so-called additive manufacturing involving, among other things, melting and extrusion to build specific objects layer by layer. It’s a highly automated process. In this case, all you need to do is send a digital file to a 3D printing service provider, who will process and print it.
3D printing – advantages of FDM
There are many compelling reasons to use melt modeling, one of the main advantages is the efficiency and speed of printing. Depending on the specifics and sophistication of your project, you can easily produce a complete 3D part in minutes or hours. By using FDM technology, you will definitely reduce lead times and speed up the prototyping process.
3D printing – disadvantages of FDM
Despite the fact that 3D printing with FDM technology is a very popular (and praised) market solution, it has a few drawbacks. These are primarily the low resolution and relatively thick FDM layer. This translates into a print that is distinguished by a rough surface, requiring fine finishing. If you care about producing parts that require high resolution and a smooth finish – bet on other solutions (such as SLA).
The use of 3D printing – when is it worth using FDM?
FDM printing technology is best in several important cases, namely if you want to:
- print a large part or several smaller parts at one time,
- create a complete design faster than with other technologies,
- use biocompatible materials for 3D printing and create prototypes of, for example, selected medical devices.
The MDF 3D printing method is a good solution for a quick creation of models that are being developed to verify a specific concept – for example, as an MVP (Minimum Valuable Product). If you are unsure whether FDM technology is the best option in your case, contact our experts by phone or email. We will be glad to advise and guide you through the entire 3D printing process. We encourage you to take advantage of our offer.
SLA – first 3D printing technology
This process of additive manufacturing of prototype parts (rapid prototyping) involves the gradual drawing of successive horizontal sections of the manufactured part with a laser on a successively immersed platform in a bath of photopolymer. Under the influence of laser light, the material polymerizes and solidifies near the surface of the solution. After outlining the layer, the platform is lowered exactly by the thickness of the layer produced, and the entire process is repeated until the entire manufactured part is obtained. Before the exposure phase of the next layer, the polymer level is equalized to prevent height differences due to the surface tension of the resins used and their flow phenomenon.
Once removed from the work vat, the part must undergo UV irradiation to cure. That’s 3D SLA printing of light-cured resin in a nutshell. An extremely important role in it plays of course a specialized equipment – 3D SLA printers.
SLA 3D printer and how it works
Materials used in the SLA method
The most popular materials used for 3D printing in the SLA method are thermosetting liquid photopolymer resins. This solution is distinguished by a much wider range in material processing capabilities, which translates into more satisfying properties of the printed object.
Key benefits of SLA technology
- printing speed
- high surface quality
- high accuracy, layer thickness from 0.15mm to 0.025mm
- great for casting and plastic processing industry
- ability to print complex solids
- the solution is ideal for the foundry and plastics processing industry
SLA parts are distinguished by the highest resolution, accuracy and sharpest details. Another noteworthy facts are the smooth surface finish and the versatility of SLA printing.
HIGH QUALITY 3D PRINTING
HIGH ACCURACY
MECHANISMS
HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS
SLS – selective laser sintering – the best technology on the market
Selective laser sintering involves the sintering of polyamide or polystyrene powders, often with the addition of glass flour or aluminum. The process is carried out in a heated chamber maintaining a temperature close to the melting point of the material. The SLS process does not require supports, because the unbaked powder itself is a sufficient support for the parts being built, and a few percent shrinkage of the material occurs only after the process is completed and the chamber is gradually cooled down. The resulting parts are fully functional and can serve as the final product due to the properties of the sintered material.
SLS 3D printer and how it works
Materials used in the SLS method
- Polyamides
- Polystyrenes
- Powder with aluminium or glass additives
- Elastomers
- good accuracy +/- 0.05mm
- variety of materials
- no supports
- good surface quality
- high toughness and durability, similar to injected parts
- temperature resistance
- printing moving mechanisms possibility
- thin-walled elements printing possibility (min. wall thickness is 0.5 mm)
- low cost of short series production (up to 1000 pieces)
- possibility of using materials with glass flour to stiffen parts
TOOL PROTOTYPE MANUFACTURING
COMPONENTS OF INJECTION PUMPS
COMPONENTS WITH HIGH STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES
SLM – 3D printing of metal
The 3D metal printing market currently gives us several solutions. DMLS technology is perfect for prototyping or producing short production runs. This technology involves melting metallic powders with a laser beam layer by layer until the desired model is achieved. Where will 3D metal printing technology work? Everywhere, where traditional methods of casting or cavity production will not be able to cope with complex and precise geometric structures.
The technology has found wide applications in many industries. It is used in aircraft, medicine, jewelry, machine and chemical industries.
SLM 3D printer and how it works
Key benefits of SLM technology
- no waste
- low energy consumption compared to other 3D printing methods
- metal printing, ideal for prototypes
- quick production of missing and broken parts
Materials used in SLM method
- 1.404(316L)
- 1.4542(GP1)
- AlSi10Mg (EN AC-43000)
- 1.2709 (MS1)
Application of SLM printing
SHORT PRODUCTION RUNS
DETAIL PROTOTYPES
COMPLEX PRODUCTION TOOLS
MOULDS
COMPONENTS OPERATING AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
3D printing from metal – a summary of the use of SLM technology
SLM is a relatively new technology. Any product or component produced by SLM is distinguished by very strong metal parts. The printing process is accurate, and the range of metal materials turns out to be very wide. Looking at the above solution objectively, however, the high cost of materials and machine should be mentioned, so the price of 3D printing can be relatively high.
3D printing from metal is a solution dedicated to customers who require durability and quality printing, paying attention to even the smallest details. It is also worth mentioning that the materials can be easily sterilized using an autoclave.